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Principle and characteristics of nitrogen production by molecular sieve small air separation unit

Principle and characteristics of nitrogen production by molecular sieve small air separation unit
May 13, 2024
Author: DEAR AST

Nitrogen is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic and non-flammable gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, which is chemically stable and hardly reacts with other substances. Nitrogen is often used as a protective gas in a wide range of industries.

There are several main methods of producing nitrogen. One of these is molecular sieve nitrogen in air (variable pressure adsorption), which is a method of separating nitrogen and oxygen using air as the raw material and carbon molecular sieves as the adsorbent, using the principle of variable pressure adsorption and the selective adsorption of oxygen and nitrogen by carbon molecular sieves, commonly known as PSA nitrogen production. This method is a new nitrogen production technology that was rapidly developed in the 1970s. Compared with the traditional nitrogen production method, it has the characteristics of simple process flow, high automation, fast gas production (15-30 minutes), low energy consumption, product purity can be adjusted in a wide range according to user needs, easy operation and maintenance, low operating costs, and strong adaptability of the device.

Therefore, it is quite competitive among small air separation nitrogen production equipment and is becoming more and more popular among medium and small-scale nitrogen users. PSA nitrogen production has become the preferred method for medium and small-scale nitrogen users.

For different requirements of products, Dear Air Separation has rich technology and experience in production and design, design and adapt to small air separation nitrogen production process.

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Special pressure-bearing equipment generally bears internal pressure, that will cause tensile stress inside the shell, which is called working stress. The working stress is directly proportional to the pressure and diameter, and inversely proportional to the vessel wall thickness. The axial stress is half of the circumferential stress. Therefore, for cylindrical vessels, the stress of longitudinal weld is twice that of girth weld. Because the geometric shape of the spherical shell is symmetrical to the spherical center, and the axial stress is equal to the circumferential stress in numerical value. Therefore, the wall thickness of the spherical vessel can be reduced by half as much as that of the cylindrical vessel under the same pressure and diameter.
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