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Principle and characteristics of nitrogen production by molecular sieve small air separation unit

Principle and characteristics of nitrogen production by molecular sieve small air separation unit
May 13, 2024
Author: DEAR AST

Nitrogen is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic and non-flammable gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, which is chemically stable and hardly reacts with other substances. Nitrogen is often used as a protective gas in a wide range of industries.

There are several main methods of producing nitrogen. One of these is molecular sieve nitrogen in air (variable pressure adsorption), which is a method of separating nitrogen and oxygen using air as the raw material and carbon molecular sieves as the adsorbent, using the principle of variable pressure adsorption and the selective adsorption of oxygen and nitrogen by carbon molecular sieves, commonly known as PSA nitrogen production. This method is a new nitrogen production technology that was rapidly developed in the 1970s. Compared with the traditional nitrogen production method, it has the characteristics of simple process flow, high automation, fast gas production (15-30 minutes), low energy consumption, product purity can be adjusted in a wide range according to user needs, easy operation and maintenance, low operating costs, and strong adaptability of the device.

Therefore, it is quite competitive among small air separation nitrogen production equipment and is becoming more and more popular among medium and small-scale nitrogen users. PSA nitrogen production has become the preferred method for medium and small-scale nitrogen users.

For different requirements of products, Dear Air Separation has rich technology and experience in production and design, design and adapt to small air separation nitrogen production process.

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The amount of liquid nitrogen removed from the lower column of the air separation unit will affect the purity of the liquid nitrogen in the lower column and the oxygen enriched liquid air at the bottom of the column. When the liquid nitrogen removal amount of the lower column increases, the reflux liquid participating in the heat and mass exchange of the lower column will be reduced, the temperature rise of the rising steam on the column plate will be correspondingly reduced, the condensation of the rising steam will not be sufficient, the oxygen component will be condensed less, the purity of nitrogen at the column top will be reduced, and the purity of liquid nitrogen will be naturally reduced. At the same time, the temperature rise of the downflow liquid will increase, the liquid evaporation will be more sufficient, more nitrogen components will be evaporated to the top of the column, and the purity of the liquid air at the bottom of the column will be improved accordingly.
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