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实时翻译
蒸馏是一种利用混合液体中各组分的沸点（或挥发性）差异，通过连续的部分气化和部分冷凝，将轻相和重相完全分离的单元操作。在空分设备中，蒸馏具体是指利用空气中各组分的不同沸点，通过多次部分蒸发和部分冷凝实现气体分离的过程。加热后，不同成分的混合气体（主要是空分设备中的液态空气）将在塔内升华到不同的高度。沸点较低的成分（如氮气）将首先蒸发，而沸点较高的成分（例如氧气）将蒸发得较慢。在塔内上升的过程中，蒸汽会与温度较低的液体或冷凝器接触，一些蒸汽会释放热量并冷凝成液体。非挥发性成分将更多地冷凝，而挥发性成分将继续以蒸汽的形式上升。通过多次部分蒸发和部分冷凝过程，轻质和重质组分在塔内逐渐分离。在每个塔盘上，气相和液相之间发生双向传质，逐渐提高分离效率。最终，不同组分的气体将在塔内的不同位置收集，并通过冷凝器和液体分离器等设备进行处理，以确保产品的纯度和质量。空分设备广泛应用于传统冶金、新型煤化工、大型氮肥、专业供气等领域。可以从空气中提取氧气和氮气等高纯度气体，为这些行业提供必要的原料和辅助材料。
划译
Distillation is a unit operation that utilizes the boiling point (or volatility) differences of each component in a mixed liquid, and through continuous partial gasification and partial condensation, completely separates light and heavy phases from each other. In air separation equipment, distillation specifically refers to the process of using the different boiling points of various components in air to achieve gas separation through multiple partial evaporation and partial condensation.
After heating, mixed gases (mainly liquid air in air separation equipment) with different compositions will sublime to different heights inside the tower. Components with lower boiling points (such as nitrogen) will evaporate first, while components with higher boiling points (such as oxygen) will evaporate slower. During the process of rising inside the tower, steam will come into contact with lower temperature liquids or condensers, and some of the steam will release heat and condense into liquids. The non-volatile components will condense more, while the volatile components will continue to rise in the form of steam. Through multiple partial evaporation and partial condensation processes, light and heavy components gradually separate inside the tower. On each tray, bidirectional mass transfer occurs between the gas and liquid phases, gradually enhancing the separation efficiency. In the end, gases of different components will be collected at different locations in the tower and processed through equipment such as condensers and liquid separators to ensure the purity and quality of the products.
Air separation equipment is widely used in traditional metallurgy, new coal chemical industry, large-scale nitrogen fertilizer, professional gas supply and other fields. High purity gases such as oxygen and nitrogen can be extracted from the air to provide necessary raw materials and auxiliary materials for these industries.
