Air can be reduced in temperature by throttling in large air separation plant, isothermal throttling is an isoenthalpy process and does not produce cooling. If the gas is to be cooled by isothermal throttling, it is compressed by isothermal compression and expanded by throttling. The enthalpy of the gas decreases during isothermal compression and the work of the compressor and the enthalpy drop of the gas are transferred to the environment together as heat. The isothermal compression gives the gas the ability to cool down and the throttling expansion makes this ability manifest.
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