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Causes of reduced efficiency of piston expanders in small air separation unit

Causes of reduced efficiency of piston expanders in small air separation unit
Sep 23, 2025
Author: DEAR AST

The ratio of the actual expansion refrigeration capacity of the expander to the theoretical isentropic expansion refrigeration capacity is the efficiency of the expander. In small air separation unit operation, the efficiency of the expander is generally reduced for the following reasons: poor cooling, the outside world has more heat transfer, pay attention to keep the insulation material dry; inlet and exhaust valves are not closed, exhaust valve seat pressure sleeve top wire is too loose or inlet and exhaust valve rod at the seal is not tight, etc. caused by gas leakage; inlet and exhaust valve opening and closing lag, too much resistance or too much friction heat will cause the piston expander efficiency is reduced.

Dear Air Separation liquid air separation plant and small air separation unit team provides quality service to avoid efficiency degradation of piston expanders and to provide a long-term satisfactory gas supply to our customers.

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Dear air separation technical team of experienced experts and professional engineering designers, to provide users with international standards, national standards and industry standards of engineering design, including preliminary design, construction drawings design.

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In the upper column fractionation, below the liquid air inlet is called the stripping section, and above the liquid air inlet is called the distillation section. The stripping section realizes the separation of oxygen and argon, and the distillation section realizes the separation of oxygen and nitrogen. Because the boiling points of oxygen and argon are relatively close, the separation is difficult. In order to ensure the purity of oxygen, the separation of oxygen in the distillation section is not clean, and argon escapes with oxygen and nitrogen. If high purity nitrogen is to be obtained, argon will condense with oxygen in the distillation section, which will affect the purity of oxygen. In order to ensure the purity of oxygen and obtain high purity nitrogen, it is necessary to extract part of the gas with high argon concentration in the distillation section.
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