当前位置: Home / Faq / High purity nitrogen air separation FAQ /

Why is the lowest temperature in the tower of an air separation plant lower than the outlet temperature of the expander

Why is the lowest temperature in the tower of an air separation plant lower than the outlet temperature of the expander
Sep 15, 2026
Author: DEAR AST

The refrigeration capacity of the air separation unit is mainly generated by the expander, but the minimum temperature of the air separation unit is at the top of the upper tower, maintained at around -193 ℃, which is lower than the outlet temperature of the expander (around -180 ℃). How is this formed?

Before the liquid appears in the start-up stage of the air separation unit, the lowest temperature is generated by the expander, and the temperature inside the distillation tower cannot be lower than the temperature after expansion. However, when liquid appears in the current tower and the saturated liquid is throttled to the upper tower, the pressure decreases, and some gasification occurs. The temperature also decreases to the saturation temperature corresponding to the upper tower pressure. For example, when the liquid nitrogen at the top of the lower tower -177 ℃ is throttled to the upper tower, the temperature can be reduced to -193 ℃. In addition, the temperature of liquid oxygen at the bottom of the upper tower is around -180 ℃. During the gasification process, it exchanges heat and mass with the liquid on the tray, evaporates the nitrogen component, and the gas temperature decreases. When the gas passes through dozens of trays and rises to the top of the tower, it has reached pure nitrogen, and the temperature also drops to the same level as the liquid temperature at that point (-193 ℃). Therefore, the formation of the lowest temperature inside the tower is the result of liquid throttling expansion and gas-liquid heat and mass exchange.

DEAR Company has technological advantages and engineering technicians with practical equipment operation experience operate and manage customers' equipment to ensure long-term, stable, and safe operation.

DEAR Air Separation Solve YourWhy is the lowest temperature in the tower of an air separation plant lower than the outlet temperature of the expanderYou can also learn about otherHigh purity nitrogen air separation FAQ about DEAR Air Separation, and solve the problem for you.
Didn’t find the problem encountered?
Please contact live chat or email for quick help.
Related FAQ
More Related FAQ
Pressure test of piping in the cold box (1) The system adopts air pressure test, the medium is dry and oil-free air. And must be responsible for the package by a dedicated person partition, strict and careful inspection of the leakage of each part, no leakage is allowed. (2) Before the pressure test, the butt welds of the pipeline should have been checked and qualified, and the valve position holes of all safety valves and automatic valves in the switching process should be blocked with blind ...
2026.09.17
The molecular sieve of purification system has strong water absorption, but the water absorption capacity is limited to a certain extent. In order to prevent the molecular sieve from entering water during operation, the following points should be paid attention to: The air cooling tower should be operated according to the regulations, and the gas should be introduced first, and then after the...
2026.09.16
Need more information?
Contact us for more details about our air separation equipment, solutions and services.
Products
  • Large air separation
  • Small air separation
  • High purity nitrogen air separation
  • Liquefaction air separation
  • Complete air separation
  • Biogas purification
  • Air separation parts
Need more information?
Tel:+86-19837850537
© Kaifeng DEAR Air Separation Industry Co., Ltd.. All rights reserved.
Online
Inquiry
Email
Top