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What are the general characteristics of air and air components

What are the general characteristics of air and air components
Aug 19, 2022
Author: DEAR AST

The air separation unit is to separate oxygen, nitrogen, argon and other necessary gases from the air.

Air is mainly composed of oxygen and nitrogen, which are uniformly mixed together in the gaseous state. In addition to oxygen and nitrogen, there are also argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon and other gases in the air. These gases have stable chemical properties and are rarely contained in the air and are not easily available in nature. Therefore, they are often called rare gases or inert gases, also known as "gold gas". The air also contains a small amount of water, carbon dioxide, acetylene and other gases. Although the amount of these impurity gases is not large, the harm is not small. The water and carbon dioxide are first frozen into solid particles before air liquefaction. In the air separation unit, they will block the valves, pipes and sieve holes of the tray, wear the machine, affect heat transfer, and make the air separation unit unable to operate normally. Acetylene is one of the main causes of explosion accidents in the air separation unit. Therefore, great attention must be paid to it in the operation of the air separation unit and it must be eliminated before liquefaction.

After the air is liquefied, due to the different boiling points of oxygen, nitrogen and other components that make up the air, various components such as oxygen and nitrogen can be obtained after rectification in the tower.

DEAR air separation produces large, medium and small air separation equipment, high purity oxygen, nitrogen and argon equipment, low purity oxygen and oxygen equipment, energy-saving air separation equipment, liquid air separation equipment, liquefaction equipment, natural gas purification, natural gas liquefaction (LNG), etc.

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When the amount of processing air is reduced, the rising steam and reflux liquid in the upper column will be reduced, but the reflux ratio will not change. Therefore, the reduction of processing air in a small range will not affect the purity of oxygen and nitrogen, and the reduction of processing air volume will help to reduce the pressure of the upper and lower columns. However, according to the material balance, the production of oxygen and nitrogen will naturally decrease when the amount of processing air is reduced. If the amount of processing air is too small, there will be leakage on the tray. If the heat and mass exchange of the leaked liquid is not sufficient, the purity of oxygen and nitrogen will be greatly affected, and even the normal production can not be realized. Therefore, the minimum allowable load of distillation column is generally specified.
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