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Why only cryogenic air separation equipment can be selected for large industrial gas?

Why only cryogenic air separation equipment can be selected for large industrial gas?
Mar 19, 2026
Author: DEAR AST

In large-scale industrial fields such as iron and steel smelting, petrochemical industry, coal chemical industry and aerospace industry, air separation is the core link to ensure production, while cryogenic air separation is always the only suitable mainstream technology, which is the inevitable result of meeting the demands of large-scale industrial scale, high-purity and continuous production,
The cryogenic air separator has a huge gas supply capacity, and the gas production capacity of a single unit can reach tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of cubic meters per hour, which can stably undertake the centralized and large-scale gas supply tasks of heavy industry. At the same time, cryogenic air separation can realize ultrahigh-purity gas purification. Relying on the low-temperature rectification process, it uses the difference of boiling point of oxygen, nitrogen and argon for separation and purification, and can produce more than 99.999% of high-purity oxygen and nitrogen. It can also co-produce argon and other rare gases. No matter metallurgy refining, chip manufacturing or high-end chemical synthesis, it is indispensable to ensure the product quality with high-purity gas. In addition, the operation of cryogenic air separation is stable and the long-term economical efficiency is outstanding. It can adapt to the industrial 24-hour uninterrupted operation requirements, with low failure rate, stable operation and maintenance, and prominent full-life cycle benefits.
To sum up, with the extreme requirements of large industry on gas supply scale, gas purity and operation stability, the cryogenic air separation has become an irreplaceable choice for large industry by virtue of the core characteristics of large-scale gas supply, high-purity separation and long-term stability, and is the key foundation supporting the efficient operation of heavy industry and high-end manufacturing industry.

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Special pressure-bearing equipment generally bears internal pressure, that will cause tensile stress inside the shell, which is called working stress. The working stress is directly proportional to the pressure and diameter, and inversely proportional to the vessel wall thickness. The axial stress is half of the circumferential stress. Therefore, for cylindrical vessels, the stress of longitudinal weld is twice that of girth weld. Because the geometric shape of the spherical shell is symmetrical to the spherical center, and the axial stress is equal to the circumferential stress in numerical value. Therefore, the wall thickness of the spherical vessel can be reduced by half as much as that of the cylindrical vessel under the same pressure and diameter.
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